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什么是表面增强拉曼散射 (SERS)?

拉曼信号本质上很弱,尤其是在使用可见光激发时,因此可用于检测的散射光子数量很少。放大弱拉曼信号的一种方法是采用表面增强拉曼散射 (SERS)。SERS 使用纳米级粗糙金属表面,通常由金 (Au) 或银 (Ag) 制成。这些粗糙金属纳米结构的激光激发共振驱动表面电荷,产生高度局部化(等离子体)光场。当分子被吸收或靠近表面的增强场时,可以观察到拉曼信号的大幅增强。比正常拉曼散射大几个数量级的拉曼信号很常见,因此可以检测低浓度 (10 -11) 无需荧光标记。当粗糙的金属表面与与分子的吸收匹配的激光结合使用时,拉曼信号可以被进一步放大。这种效应被称为表面增强共振拉曼散射 (SERRS)。

how surface-enhanced raman scattering (SERS) works 

图 1:SERS 的概念图。

SERS 越来越多地用于各种应用,包括:

  •     基本分析化学测试
  •     药物发现
  •     法医现场测试    
  •     检测痕量的化学和生物威胁剂
  •     即时 (POC) 诊断设备

SERS spectra of pure C. albicans, E.Coli and a mixture of the 2 samples

图2:SERS 示例:来自纯白色念珠菌、纯大肠杆菌和两者混合物的 SERS 光谱。特征峰由阴影框表示。图片提供者: Renishaw Diagnostics

了解有关表面增强拉曼散射的更多信息:

用于生物膜原位分析的拉曼显微镜和表面增强拉曼散射 (SERS)
生物光子学杂志 Journal of Biophotonics

用于表面增强拉曼散射分析的表面微图案化技术
英国皇家化学会 Royal Society of Chemistry

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